Nazal septum kırığı BT bulguları

Özet

Nazal septumun vomer ve kıkırdak bileşenlerinin toplam septal hacme oranı yaşla değişebilir. Yüz travması BT'si, septal kırıkların yanı sıra sıklıkla eşlik eden nazal kemik ve orta yüz kırıklarını da belirgin şekilde gösterir. BT, nazal travmada kemik yapının detaylı değerlendirilmesi için tercih edilir; kartilajın incelenmesinde klinik muayene ve ultrasonografi de değerlidir. Septal hematom, acil drenaj gerektirdiği için travmatik burun değerlendirmelerinde mutlaka aranmalıdır.

Faz ve pencere

Kontrastsız tanısal: Kontrastsız aksiyel ve koronal kemik algoritması rekonstrüksiyonlarında vomer veya etmoid dikey plakta kortikal kesinti, açılanma ya da ayrışma izlenir; kemik septumun orta hat devamlılığı ve nazal kemiklerle ilişkisi değerlendirilir. BT, kemik kırıklarını ve displasmanı belirgin şekilde gösterirken; kartilaj yaralanmaları septal bölgedeki yumuşak doku ödem veya hematom gibi dolaylı bulgularla desteklenerek değerlendirilir. Kontrast gerekmez.

Önerilen pencereler: Kemik (G 1800 / M 400), Yumuşak doku (G 400 / M 40).

BT bulguları

Etmoid kemiğin dikey plağı veya vomerde keskin kortikal süreksizlik kırık lehinedir.
Kemik septumdaki kayma ve fragmentasyon, nazal kavite yapısını ve işlevini bozabilir.
Septal deviasyon konka bülloza ile birlikte görülebilir; bir pediatrik BT çalışmasında deviasyon konka büllozaya göre daha sık karşı taraftaydı.
Nazal travmada septal yaralanmalar, nazal kemikler ve orbita tabanı gibi komşu yapılarla birlikte görülme sıklığı yüksektir.
Nazal hematomlar travma sonrası görülebilir ve en sık septumu etkiler.
Eşlik eden nazal kemik, spina nazalis anterior veya NOE kırığı travmanın yaygınlığını gösterir.

Normalde

Normal BT görüntülerinde septal yapılar ortada konumlanmış olup, yaşla birlikte vomer hacminin toplam septal hacme oranı artmaktadır. Septal deviasyon değerlendirmesinde kraniyofasiyal BT ve nazal endoskopi kullanılabilir.

Normal BT ile kıyasla

Aynı bölgenin, kaynak veri setinde patoloji içermediği belirtilen bir BT incelemesini kesit kesit kaydırın; organ sınırlarını açarak anatomiyi hasta görüntüsüyle karşılaştırın. Küçük rastlantısal bulgular tümüyle dışlanmamıştır.

Kaynak: TotalSegmentator v2.01 veri seti (Wasserthal ve ark., Radiology: Artificial Intelligence 2023), CC BY 4.0, vaka s0849; organ sınırları veri setinin otomatik segmentasyonundan, birleştirilerek sadeleştirildi. Görüntüler 2,5 mm kesit aralığına yeniden örneklendi.

Ayırıcı tanı

Septal deviasyon değerlendirmesinde kraniyofasiyal BT ve nazal endoskopi kullanılabilir.
Nazal hematomlar travma sonrası septumda görülebilir.
Septal hematomlar travma sonrası görülür ve acil cerrahi boşaltım gerektirir.
Nazal septum ve konkalar bölgesinde anatomik varyantlar görülebilir.

Tuzaklar

Nazal septumun değerlendirilmesinde nazal endoskopi ve kraniyofasiyal BT, bu çalışmada spekulum muayenesi ve 3B rekonstrüksiyondan daha doğru ve hassas bulunmuştur.
Septal deviasyon yaygın bir varyant olduğu için, tanı koyarken keskin kortikal süreksizlik ve yeni travmatik bulguların varlığına dikkat edilmelidir.
Travma sonrası septal bölgede görülen yumuşak doku kalınlaşması hematom gibi koleksiyonları düşündürebilir ve ayrı ayrı incelenmelidir.

Kendini dene

Travmatik burun yaralanmasında septal hematomun dışlanması neden önemlidir?
Cevabı göster
Kaçırılması, acil boşaltım gerektiren bir yaralanmanın gözden kaçmasına yol açabilir.. Septal hematomun dışlanması önemlidir; travmatik burun yaralanmasında acil drenaj gerektirir.
S6 kohortunda nazal septum hematomu hangi kırık grubu için yüksek pozitif prediktif değer göstermiştir?
Cevabı göster
Orta yüz kırıkları. S6 çalışmasında nazal septum hematomu, orta yüz kırıkları için yüksek pozitif prediktif değer ve pozitif olabilirlik oranı gösteren muayene bulguları arasında yer almıştır.

İlgili konular

Kaynaklar

Bu sayfadaki 31 cümle ve 2 quiz sorusu aşağıdaki kaynaklardan alıntılarla otomatik olarak karşılaştırıldı; 24 cümle bu karşılaştırmada düzeltildi (2026-10-09).

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